To avoid pre-snap penalties on offense, it’s important to learn the cadence of the offense and move when the ball is snapped. Defensively, pre-snap penalties often occur when a defensive player crosses the line of scrimmage before the ball is snapped. These penalties are often movement penalties, as only one offensive player may be moving in motion once the offense is set. Pre-Snap PenaltyĪ pre-snap penalty is any illegal action or movement before the ball is snapped from the center to the quarterback. Let’s learn more about these three phases. To understand why the referee throws a flag, you must understand the 3 phases of a football play. There are 3 types of penalties in football: If you enjoyed these tips and would like to keep it close to you at any time, just save this pin to your Pinterest Volleyball Training Board. The second referee times the time outs, whistles at the end of time, and signals how many time outs have been taken by each team.Ĭheck out my favorite referee whistles and reviews here. Handles time outs When a coach or team captain calls time out, the second referee should blow the whistle and signal time out. When the scorekeeper has finished recording the subs, a hand signal is given to the first referee signaling play is ready. Handles substitutions The second referee administers subs, making sure the subs are recorded properly on the scoresheet. Switching sides of the net The second referee switches positions one side of the net to the other during the match, always staying on the side opposite the ball. Watch teams for overlaps during the serve Watch the receiving team at the moment the ball is served for overlaps. The second referee should assist the first referee (hand signaling the first referee or blowing the whistle to make calls) in order for the match to run as smoothly as possible. The second referees main responsibility is to manage the court, that is, communicate effectively with players and coaches at the team bench area, the work crew at the scores table, the line judges, and first referee.

The second referee should position themselves so they can effectively transition from one side of the net to the other when the ball is in play. The second referee (or umpire) stands on the ground on the opposite side of the court from the first referee. The second referee should help the scorekeeper and libero tracker with any questions or issues that come up. The second referee should overlook the scorekeeper with recording subs, timeouts, etc. The second referee also needs to communicate effectively with the scorekeeper. The second referee is concerned with matters such as keeping time, assisting the first referee in making calls, administering substitutions, and verbally communicating with team coaches. Second Official (R2 or down referee) - Volleyball Referees Giving Sanctions Only the first referee has the authority to issue sanctions to players, coaches, etc. If appropriate, the second referee may discretely signal ball handling to the first referee. Whistle player mishandling the ball Only the first referee has the authority to whistle ball handling (lifts, double contacts, 4 hits, etc.). If the second official doesnt catch these violations, the first referee has the authority to make the call. If possible, the second referee should whistle net violations, centerline violations, serve receive position faults, and serving order violations. Whistle any violations It is the first referees responsibility to whistle any and all violations they see. The volleyball referees should discuss before the match on what the second referee needs to signal to the first referee (illegal ball handling, illegal back row and blocks and attacks, etc.). If they feel it's necessary to do so, the first referee has the authority to overrule any of the other officials ( second referee scorekeeper, libero tracker, or line judges).Īlso, the first referee may have officials replaced if it is needed. The first referee is the official in charge. It is the first referee that starts play by whistling and signaling (beckoning) the server to serve the ball. The first referee is the official that stands on the referee stand (raised platform) positioned at on the side of the court across from the team benches. First Official (R1 or up referee) - Volleyball Referees

Volleyball referee signals chart